Muffler with expansion chamber and transverse perforated baffles



March 14, 1950 E. A. KLlEwER, sR v 2,500,551

MUFFLER WITH EXPANSION CHAMBER AND TRANsvERsE PERFORATED Bum-:s

Filed June 9, 1947 0 0 O O O C O. O C O O G O O O O O e G O O O C O O O Q G 0 O Q 0 0 0 WN 0|.@.:0.i..-.i.l.i.a mw H ----zlr@ .Q

NL Q vmw l1 N ,Q f@ QN www N @A w a. WN. WN 11% m1 Patented Mar. 14, 1950 ,MUFFIJEEWITHEXPANSION GHAMBERAND TRANSVERSEPERFORTED BAEELES Edward. AlbertfiKliewer, Si'., Dongview; Tex:

Application June"9`, 1947,Seria.l; No. 753,551.

(Cl. l8r- 44) The-'invention relates generally rto sound controlling devices and primarily-f seeks" yto provide' a novel' muillerLA device' adapted for use' on motor cars` or the" like embodying internal 1 combustion engines; said rnuiiier"beingexceedinglyv simplein structure and? efficient' in ther' silencing" of' theY noises'"normally--resulting*fromtheexhaustingof burnt gases from said engines.

An object of the invention is to provideamufL fier-structure' that carrbe"manufacturediinexpensively because/of* the. small numbervr of simple parts of which it isV composed; :enclin-'Which means-are provided for permittingrapid and yet controlledexpansion of tthe exhaust 'gases as' theyr enter' the muffler in suolimannerf'asrwill assure rapide' dissipation :of heatwlthoutffany appreciablev setting-u1)".f'if'fback4 pxessureat the engine'to'whichithe-mufrfis atta'clfied; thereby-"to assure coolerA and more economical' -running of the -fengine and al'solong life off'both 'tliev'engine' -and theA muier structure.

In itsV more detailed naturer` the invention re'- sides lin providinganimprovedfmuiller structure ofl the character; stated inwhich` areeprovded'lan outer imperforate drum or shellhaving aninlet' cone and* an outlet; cone securedthere-itc,` an" inner perforate -shell spaced* within the outerk shell and having a perforated* end1 closure disposedwd'jacent the entrance'- into' the outlet coner and f an annular -closure walldisposedradjacent -the juncturerof the inlet cone andthe outer lshell,i an inlet" tube' havingy a diameter 'approximately f half 'that of the inner shell and extending through the inlet* con'ei andl opening abruptly through` thev annular closure' wall' intoy the" inner shell? an 'inwardlyf directed cone ring* bailleY` disposed approximately" inthe ventrant'end oftlieoutletr cone; a fst'an'baliiflz'- disposed transversely yof and in' the outlei'fcone,- andan outletI tube'ext'ending away An'onrtheoutL let coneand having a.k diameter atleast equal tothe diameter-ofthe inlettube.

With` the above and" other" objects `in'vievv 'that WiIPhereinafterappear; the nat'ureioff the inven tion will bernoreiclearly understood@liv-reference tol the followingy detailed* description; thef 'ap-- pended claims',I and the severall views` illustrated; inftheaccompanying drawingsl In the'drawings.

Figure` 1 is 1a central longitudinal 'sectional' viewillustrating"theimproved-mufer:

Figure 2`^` is4 a; vertical' cross section taken on the-'line `2-2 onlligure 1 looking towardL the inlet'end.

YFigure-3 is. a; vertical cross sectlontakenon the' line 3"-3' on Figure 1 looking towardthe outlet 55' 2" end,'.tl'iecone.ring baffle. outlet being shown in dotted linesi Figurev 4 is a vertical crossY section taken throughth'e outlet' coneon the line 1l4 on Figure 1` and looking towardthestar baffle.

In the exampleiofembodiment ofthe invention..

herein disclosed .the improved muffler.A structure includes an outer imperiorate drum or shell' 5/ having an inlet' cone tY preferably weldsecured` thereto as .at l', .and anoutlet cone 8` preferably Weld-secured thereto as at 9.'

An-.inner shell. I0 is-,Inountedlin spaced. relation .Within .the outer shellyand'has its wall struc--v ture.V perforated las. at il. The vinner; shell iis closedlat.y its inletcndiby. amannuIar wallor ring 12.1 which.. is;A preferably Weldvsecured tov the shell end.. asatll'l A convexiwall.' Macloses the outlet end.. of.- thev inner shell. In', the .same being. perforatedasat' lfand preferably. weld-secured' to thesl'iell'end asiat I6 andlequippedlwith,radially extended spider. `armk extensions. Il Which are Weldesecured to theoutenshell as at. is.

Anfinletltube. lgextends through theinlet. end

of the inlotlcone Alil.andopens. abruptly into. the

` inner, shell, IDI. throughtheend. closureA ring I2;

The, inlety tubes i9, preferably is. weld-secured. as at 2U;to.the.inlet.c.onel6, andv as-,atZl totheend closure ring l2; 'Ilheinlet .tube lhmaybe.. slotted or splitas at.2-2iat.its,entrant endlin. order to facilitate. thew securing, of the muiller. to. the engineeexhaustpipe noty shown) A cone. ring baffle 23w is Weld-secured asat 245 approximately at, the, entrance into. the outlet cone 8g and.alstarJShaped.atlbale 25 traverses they outlet cone/8 intermediately of the ends thereof, the samebeing,Welc`1.secureclv as atV2S' to. saidoutlet.. cone.. Thestar shaped .flat baie preferably, is perforated as at..2JL

Anl o.utlet..tubet28`. isv Weld-'secured asf at 29. to thedscharge endofv the outlet cone 8, and .said outlet:` tube,4 has v a. diameter at l least as great as thatoi the .inlettube 1.9.

In use,.the receiving end of the inlettube I9 otgthelmufiier `structure is .attachedto the engine exhaustpipeas .,by. clampingfat 22,'l andv the ,exhaust Vgases.passing through .the tubey l 9 expand abruptly into. .the relativelyv large inner` shell. I0, expanding through.. the carefully proportioned perforations Il' into the space surrounding the inner shell ID; It1 will be apparent that some ofthe gases cominga'gainst the convex endv Wall I4Iofth'e inner' Shelli @may pass' directly through the aperturesl l5'into the'conebaiil'e'ring 23. gases which expand vandescape'through the. inner shell perforations l1 pass' endvvse through the The outer shell 5 into the cone ring baille 23 and through the restricted passage therethrough into the outlet cone 8. The gases thus escaping through the restricted cone ring baille 23 come against the flat star baille 25, some thereof passing directly through the baille apertures 21, but the major portion thereof passing about the star baille through the spaces intervening the same and the surrounding wall of the outlet cone 8, said gases ultimately escaping through the outlet tube 28. By reason of the proportioning of the parts as herein described, the inner shell I0 being approximately twice the diameter of the inlet tube I9, the exhaust gases expand suddenly into the inner shell in a manner for greatly facilitating heat dissipation and the desired reduction of exhaust noises. The nal expansion and exhausting of the gases is controlled by the passage thereof through the shell perforations Il into the space surrounding the inner shell, and through the cone ring baille 23 and about the ilat star baillle 25 into the outlet tube 28. This controlling of the exhausting gases is is accomplished without setting up any objectionable back pressure at the engine with which the mufller is connected, and it has been found that this improved mufller structure provides not only for the desired mulllin-g of sound but also dissipates heat so rapidly as to provide for long life of the muffler structure and also for a longer life of the motor connected with said muffler structure.

It is to be noted that the cone ring baille 23 has a center opening which is greater in diameter than the diameter of the inlet tube I9, thus providing relief at this point, and the exhausting gases coming through the center opening in the cone baille ring 23 strike the center of the fiat star baille 25 which spreads the exhausting gases through the four outlets provided between the outer edges of the baille 25 and the surrounding wall of the tapering frusto-cone 8. The four outlets about the' flat star baille 25 are approximately equivalent in area to the area of the center opening in the cone ring baffle 23.

It is well understood that larger sizes of internal combustion engines have larger sizes of exhaust outlets in the exhaust manifolds. It is also to be understood that the holes Il in the inner sleeve l0 of my improved muffler structure may vary in number and size accordingly as the exhaust outlets of the engines with which the muiller structures are to be used vary, the combined area of the holes being at least slightly in excess of the area of the engine exhaust outlet so as to avoid all objectionable back pressure. f

The use of the simple, single perforated sleeve I0 makes it easy to provide the desired back pressure release and noise reduction for each engine design with which the muffler structure is to be installed. In initially testing a muiller structure for adaptability with a particular design of engine so as to set the production standards for use with said design, the sleeve I0 may be provided with a greater number of holes Il, or with larger holes II if the tests show that an objectionable amount of back pressure is being encountered. When lthe tests show that objectionable noise is being encountered, the number or size of the holes Il will be correspondingly reduced. It will be readily apparent that the provision of the single perforated sleeve greatly facilitates this establishment of efficiently operating standards.

While one form of the invention has been shown for purposes of illustration, it is to be clearly understood that various changes in the details of construction and arrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as dened in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. An engine exhaust silencing muffler comprising, a generally cylindrical outer shell having an entrant end and a discharge end, a tapering frusto-conical extension at said discharge end, an inner shell concentrically spaced within the outer shell perforated about the whole of its circumference and having an end closure disposed adjacent the entrance into the tapering frusto-cone and an annular closure wall extending inwardly at its entrant end, an inlet tube having a diameter approximately half that of the inner shell opening abruptly through said annular closure wall into the inner shell, an inwardly directed cone ring baffle having an outlet end extending into the entrant end of the tapering frusto-cone, a star baille disposed transversely of the tapering frusto-cone intermediately of the ends thereof and beyond the outlet end of said cone ring baille, and a discharge tube extending away from the tapering frusto-cone and having a diameter at least as great as that of the inlet tube.

2. An engine exhaust silencing muffler comprising, a generally cylindrical outer shell having an entrant end and a discharge end, a tapering frusto-conical extension at said discharge end, an inner shell concentrically spaced within the outer shell perforated about the whole of its circumference and having an end closure disposed adjacent vthe entrance into the tapering frusto-cone and an annular closure wall extending inwardly at its entrant end, an inlet tube having a diameter approximately half that of the inner shell and opening abruptly through said annular closure wall into the inner shell, an inwardly directed cone ring baille having an outlet end extending into the entrant end of the tapering frusto-cone, said end closure having perforations therein opening into said cone ring baille, a star baffle disposed transversely of the tapering frusto-cone intermediately of the ends thereof and beyond the outlet end of said cone ring baille, and a discharge tube extending away from the tapering irusto-cone and having a diameter at least as great as that of the inlet tube.

3. An engine exhaust silencing muffler comprising, a generally cylindrical outer shell having an entrant end and a discharge end, a tapering frusto-conical extension at said discharge end, an inner shell concentrically spaced within the outer shell perforated about the whole of its circumference and having an end closure disposed adjacent the entrance into the tapering frusto-cone and an annular closure wall extending inwardly at its entrant end, an inlet tube having a diameter approximately half that of the inner shell and opening abruptly through said annular closure wall into the inner shell, an inwardly directed cone ring baille having an outlet end extending into the entrant end of the tapering frusto-cone, said lend closure being convex and perforated and including spider arm extensions serving to space the inner shell within the outer shell, a star baille disposed transversely of the tapering frusto-cone intermediately of the ends thereof and beyond the outlet end of said cone ring baille, and a discharge tube extending away from the tapering frusto-cone and having a diameter at least as great as that of the inlet tube.

4. An engine exhaust silencing muiiier comprising, a generally cylindrical outer shell having an entrant end and a discharge end, a tapering frusto-conical extension at said discharge end, an inner shell concentrically spaced within the outer shell perforated about the whole of its circumference and having an end closure disposed adjacent the entrance into the tapering frusto-cone and an annular closure wall extending inwardly at its entrant end, an inlet tube having a diameter approximately half that of the inner shell and opening abruptly through said annular closure wall into the inner shell, an inwardly directed cone ring bafe having an outlet end extending into the entrant end of the tapering frusto cone, a star baie disposed transversely of the tapering frusto-cone intermediately of the ends thereof and beyond the outlet end of said cone ring baffle, said star baiile being flat and perforated and providing spaces between edge portions thereof and the surrounding portions of the tapering frusto-cone, and a discharge tube extending away from the tapering frusto-cone and having a diameter at least as great as that of the inlet tube.

5. An engine exhaust silencing muiiier comprising, a generally cylindrical outer shell having an entrant end and a discharge end, a tapering frusto-conical extension at said discharge end, an inner shell concentrically spaced within the outer shell perforated about the whole of its circumference and having an end closure disposed adjacent the entrance into the tapering frusto-cone and an annular closure wall extending inwardly at its entrant end, an inlet tube having a diameter approximately half that of the inner shell and opening abruptly through said annular closure Wall into the inner shell, an inwardly directed cone ring baffle having an outlet end extending into the entrant end of the tapering frusto-cone, said end closure being convex and perforated and including spider arm extensions serving to space the inner shell within the outer shell, a star baiiie disposed transversely of the tapering frusto-cone intermediately of the ends thereof and beyond the outlet end of said cone ring bale, said star baffle being at and perforated and providing spaces between edge portions thereof and the surrounding portions of the tapering fr'usto-cone, and a discharge tube extending away from the tapering truste-cone and having a diameter at least as great as that of the inlet tube.

EDWARD ALBERT KLIEWER, SR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the nie of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 944,646 Xardell Dec. 28, 1909 1,051,130 Lattime et al. Jan. 21, 1913 1,541,275 Powell June 9, 1925 1,732,818 Oldberg Oct. 22, 1929 2,096,000 Miles Oct. 19, 1937 

